"Koj puas ntseeg lub teeb?" Yog hais tias tus neeg txhawb nqa nug koj cov lus nug no, nws tsis yog tias nws yog ib qho kev ua ntxuam ntxuam. Nws yog tias nws pib ceeb toom tias "lub teeb" yog pib siv lub ntiaj teb chip.
Lub 2023 Nobel nqi zog hauv Physics tau muab rau "Asymmetric Mem mem tes los ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam thiab kev kawm. Lub teeb pom kev, uas ib txwm nrawm, ua tiav cov kev txhim kho ntawm "kev tsim kho vaj tse" ntawm cov ntse hauv lub hnub qub ntawm kev ua kom ceev?
PHOTONS noj tshaj los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob
Piv nrog rau cov yeeb yam hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau, photonic chips yog hom tshiab ntawm cov chips uas siv cov khoom ntawm photons ntawm photons.
Hauv essence, chips cia siab rau cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv soobualas kom tswj cov ntaub ntawv me me uas nqa cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis ntau hom chips muab cov khoom sib txawv particle particle. "Photonic chips siv cov photos kom tsim, cov txheej txheem, xa cov ntaub ntawv," hais tias cov ntaub ntawv hais, "Nrhiav tus khub ntawm Tuam Tshoj Innaination Star.
Piv nrog cov tshuab hluav taws xob, qhov zoo ntawm photons yog pom tseeb: lawv muaj lub zog uas muaj zog dua rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm siab dua, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam.
Tam sim no, nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm kev txawj ntse artificial, qhov kev thov rau xam lub zog yog nce. Txawm li cas los xij, kev loj hlob ntawm cov chips hluav taws xob tau mus txog qhov txwv ntawm lub cev thiab cov nqi nyiaj txiag, thiab qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm Moore txoj cai "yog ib txwm tau hnov tas li.
Cov chips hluav taws xob yog raws li silicon, nrog silicon atoms muaj ib lub cheeb ntawm 0. 22 nanometers. Thaum cov txheej txheem raug txo qis rau hauv qab 7 nanometers, cov chips hluav taws xob muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob thiab cov teeb meem hluav taws xob, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tswj hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv nthwv dej ntawm cov qauv loj uas tau tshwm sim hauv 2023, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob ua pov thawj.
Photonics chips herald muaj qhov tshiab kaj ntug. Lawv tsis yog cog lus tias yuav daws cov kev nyuaj ntawm lub zog thiab kev nco qab cov chips tab sis kuj tseem ua rau muaj ntau yam kev thov tshiab tshiab. Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog qhov no, kab kev kho tshiab hloov hluav taws xob kev sib ncig, thiab laser cov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev hloov pauv thiab tawg los ntawm kev suav lub cev ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv. Tam sim no, kev sib tw hauv daim teb no tau pib ntawm cov chaw tshawb fawb sab saum toj ob leeg thiab thoob ntiaj teb.
Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis xyoo no, pab pawg tshawb fawb los ntawm Tsinghua University Pioneered Sporty ntse kho qhov muag hauv lub ntiaj teb. Lawv tsim ib lub photonic nti -- "rau cov kev ntsuas Ai siab dua li cov muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev cob qhia thiab cov qauv loj.
Hauv lub Tsib Hlis, pab pawg tshawb fawb ntawm lub koom haum Shanghai ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev nyab xeeb thiab yog tseem siv rau thawj zaug los ua kev ua haujlwm siab thiab tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau.
Puas yog lub photon nti yeej tsis nyob deb?
Yuav ua li cas nyeg teeb?
Ntxiv rau tos ntsoov rau yav tom ntej, cia peb xav ntau ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas photonics chips ua haujlwm?
Lub cuab yeej hluav taws xob yog ua los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov xaim xaim tooj liab. Lub photonic nti yog tsim los ntawm lub photonic transistor thiab tus waveguide uas coj teeb. Tus WaveGuide yog qhov nruab nrab rau lub teeb tshaj tawm, xws li tus paub zoo saib muaj roj fiber ntau.
Raws li lawv cov haujlwm, photonic chips tuaj yeem faib ua ob pawg: laser chips thiab ntes cov chips thiab ntes cov chips. Laser chips yuav tsum tau siv lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor kom paub txog kev hloov hluav taws xob thiab lub teeb ci. Ntes cov chips xaiv optical cim los ntawm cov nyhuv phochelectric thiab hloov lawv rau hauv cov hluav taws xob.
Yuav ua li cas tswj cov teeb tso zis? Qhov tsim nyog, nws yuav yog qhov kho qhov muag tag nrho uas tau tsav thiab tswj los ntawm lub teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, thev naus laus zis tseem tsis tau paub tab; Cov chips photonic ntshiab tseem nyob hauv theem ntawm photonic, thiab cov khoom siv yooj yim ntawm cov chips ntawm photic-optic hybrid uas siv lub teeb rau kev tsav tsheb thiab hluav taws xob. Raws li Optoelectronic kho, tsinghua University launched Taiji II Chip nyob rau lub Yim Hli xyoo no, ua tiav kev cob qhia online ntawm kev siv kho qhov muag neural yam tsis muaj GPU.
Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm electro-optical hybrid hybrid li kev hloov pauv, kis tau, thiab cov cim hluav taws xob tau muab ua ke ntawm ib substrate. Cov ntawv no ua rau lub hauv paus rau cov ntaub ntawv nrawm ua cov chips. Ua tsaug rau lub wavelength loj kom zoo dua ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, photonic chips muaj peev xwm me me li ib puas nanometers, ua kom tiav kev tsim cov nqaij no.
Qhov twg yog cov chips photons yuav siv?
Raws li kuv hais, photonic chips muaj lub peev xwm ua txhaum los ntawm kev suav lub zog fais fab ntawm cov chips hluav taws xob. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv cov chaw twg tuaj yeem siv tau?
Nws yog qhov paub zoo tias qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb yog qhov paub nrawm tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb. Kev siv tus kab mob siab xa cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb, thawj qhov uas los rau lub siab nrog photonic chips yog ultra-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-high-ceev cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw. "Fiber ntau optic network + photonic nti" Photonic nti "qhia txog lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrawm. Ntxiv mus, kev cuam tshuam tsis kam ntawm photonic chips kuj ua rau nws ua tau rau lub photonic radar kom dhau los ua qhov tseeb.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm photonic chips hauv lwm daim teb kuj tseem muaj kev cog lus. Piv txwv li, hauv biomedicine, photonic chips tuaj yeem siv rau kev ntsuas kev ntsuas thiab tshuaj xyuas cov pa, cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab tshuaj. Hauv kev soj ntsuam ib puag ncig, Photronic chips tuaj yeem siv rau cov roj sensors thiab kev soj ntsuam paug pa, ua kom pom kev zoo dua qub.
Kev siv kho qhov muag kho qhov muag tau pib txav tawm ntawm chav kuaj, thiab kev cia siab tau cia siab tias tom qab kev ua haujlwm tau yooj yim sai li sai tau. Nws txhais tau tias tus nqi ntawm cov chips photonic tuaj yeem ua tau dav los ntawm kev lag luam.
